{"id":136,"date":"2015-02-06T20:19:19","date_gmt":"2015-02-06T20:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/?page_id=136"},"modified":"2017-02-02T19:50:23","modified_gmt":"2017-02-02T19:50:23","slug":"5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/","title":{"rendered":"Why I hate Vallotti (or is it Young?)  5"},"content":{"rendered":"<table border=\"0\" width=\"625\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" bgcolor=\"#660000\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><b>Why I hate Vallotti &#8211; cont.<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13\"><span style=\"font-size: 300%\">N<\/span><\/td>\n<td>othing can diminish the flexibility and utility of Vallotti and Young as keyboard temperaments. They may, in fact, suit your needs precisely. But what I have tried to do here is to show that there may be better choices, especially for Baroque ensemble music, and that the unexamined use of a convenient solution is<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">not necessarily the best musical path. It\u2019s not Vallotti per se that I &#8220;hate&#8221;; it\u2019s Vallotti\u2019s ubiquitous use in situations where it is clearly neither the best historical nor the best musical choice.<\/p>\n<p>A NOTE ON THE SOUND EXAMPLES:<\/p>\n<p>The sound examples were produced on a Korg M1 keyboard, down a half step from modern pitch and with temperament approximations set to the nearest whole cent. Neither the whole cent approximations nor the artificial harpsichord sound are ideal for hearing the subtleties of temperaments. I did this merely to ensure that the temperament of the instrument didn\u2019t drift while the examples were being recorded, thus rendering the examples completely useless. I highly recommend tuning these temperaments on your own harpsichord, using either a high quality electronic tuner or, alternatively, the beat\u2013counting method used by many professionals.<\/p>\n<p>Click below to hear performances in each temperament<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"340\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Sarabande in G Minor<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Sarabande in G Minor:  Vallotti\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/sarabande-in-g-minor-vallotti\/\" target=\"_blank\">Vallotti<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Sarabande in G Minor:  Young\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/sarabande-in-g-minor-young\/\" target=\"_blank\">Young<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Sarabande in G Minor:  1\/6 comma with Ab\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/sarabande-in-g-minor-16-comma-with-ab\/\" target=\"_blank\">1\/6 comma with Ab<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Sarabande in G Minor:  Equal Temperament\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/sarabande-in-g-minor-equal-temperament\/\" target=\"_blank\">Equal Temperament<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>Prelude No. 1 in C Major<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Prelude No. 1 in C Major:  Vallotti\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/prelude-no-1-in-c-major-vallotti\/\" target=\"_blank\">Vallotti<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Prelude No. 1 in C Major:  Young\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/prelude-no-1-in-c-major-young\/\" target=\"_blank\">Young<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Prelude in C Major:  1\/6 comma with Ab\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/prelude-in-c-major-16-comma-with-ab\/\" target=\"_blank\">1\/6 comma with Ab<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Prelude No. 1 in C Major:  Equal Temperament\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/1311-2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Equal Temperament<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>Select Bibliography\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Barbieri, Patrizio. &#8220;Violin intonation: a historical survey.&#8221; <i>Early Music<\/i> 19 (1991), 69\u201388.<\/p>\n<p>Barbour, J. Murray. <i>Tuning and Temperament: a Historical Survey.<\/i> East Lansing: Michigan State College Press, 1951.<\/p>\n<p>Blackwood, Easley. <i>The Structure of Recognizable Diatonic Tunings.<\/i> Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985.<\/p>\n<p>Haynes, Bruce. &#8220;Beyond temperament: non\u2013keyboard intonation in the 17<sup>th<\/sup> and 18<sup>th<\/sup> centuries.&#8221; <i>Early Music<\/i> 19 (1991), 357\u201381.<\/p>\n<p>Jones, William. <i>Physiological disquisitions; or, Discourses on the natural philosophy of the elements<\/i>. London: J. Rivington, 1781.<\/p>\n<p>Jorgensen, Owen. <i>Tuning the historical temperaments by ear: a manual of eighty\u2013nine methods for tuning fifty\u2013one scales on the harpsichord, piano, and other keyboard instruments<\/i>. Marquette: Northern Michigan University Press, c1977.<\/p>\n<p>____. <i>Tuning: containing the perfection of eighteenth\u2013century temperament, the lost art of nineteenth\u2013century temperament, and the science of equal temperament, complete with instructions for aural and electronic tuning<\/i>. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1991.<\/p>\n<p>Leedy, Douglas. &#8220;A personal view of meantone temperament.&#8221; <i>The Courant<\/i> 5 (1983), 3\u201319.<\/p>\n<p>Lindley, Mark. &#8220;A suggested improvement for the Fisk organ at Stanford.&#8221; <i>Performance Practice Review<\/i> 1 (1988), 107\u201332.<\/p>\n<p>____. &#8220;Interval&#8221; and &#8220;Temperament.&#8221; <i>New Grove Dictionary .<\/i> New York and London, 1980.<\/p>\n<p>____. &#8220;Simmung und Temperatur.&#8221; In <i>Geschichte des Musiktheorie<\/i> 6: <i>H\u00f6ren, Messen und Rechnen in der Fr\u00fchen Neuzeit.<\/i> Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1987.<\/p>\n<p>Lloyd, Ll. S., and Hugh Boyle. <i>Intervals, Scales, and Temperaments.<\/i> New York: St. Martin\u2019s Press, 1963.<\/p>\n<p>Vallotti, P. Francescantonio. <i>Trattato della Moderna Musica.<\/i> Padova: Basilica del Santo, 1950.<\/p>\n<p>Young, Thomas. &#8220;Of the temperament of musical intervals.&#8221; <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London for the year 1800.<\/i> London, The Royal Society, 1800.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<div align=\"right\">\n<hr \/>\n<p><i>go to<\/i> <b><a title=\"(1) Why I hate Vallotti (or is it Young?)\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young-2\/\">1<\/a> | <a title=\"(2) Why I hate Vallotti (or is it Young?)\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/2-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young-2\/\">2<\/a> | <a title=\"(3) Why I hate Vallotti (or is it Young?)\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/3-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/\">3<\/a> | <a title=\"(4) Why I hate Vallotti (or is it Young?)\" href=\"http:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/4-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/\">4<\/a> | 5<\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><b>Why I hate Vallotti &#8211; cont.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>N<br \/>\nothing can diminish the flexibility and utility of Vallotti and Young as keyboard temperaments. They may, in fact, suit your needs precisely. But what I have tried to do here is to show that there may be better choices, especially for Baroque ensemble music, and that the unexamined use of a convenient solution is<\/p>\n<p>not necessarily the best musical path. It\u2019s not Vallotti per se that I &#8220;hate&#8221;; it\u2019s Vallotti\u2019s ubiquitous use in situations where it is clearly neither the best historical nor the best musical choice.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/5-why-i-hate-vallotti-or-is-it-young\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading&#8230; <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Why I hate Vallotti (or is it Young?)  5<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":223,"featured_media":0,"parent":121,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"spay_email":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/136"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/223"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=136"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/136\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1464,"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/136\/revisions\/1464"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/casfaculty.case.edu\/ross-duffin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}